A timely reexamination of European engagements with Indigenous art—and the presence of Indigenous art in the contemporary art world. The arts of Africa, Oceania, and Native America famously inspired twentieth-century modernist artists such as Pablo Picasso, Henri Matisse, and Max Ernst. Was this a cross-cultural discovery to be celebrated? Or just one more example of Western colonial appropriation? What might a “decolonized” art history look like? Over the last half- century,